HCC xenograft models were created using HepG2 cells. Briefly, 1 × 107 cells were injected subcutaneously into the right flank of 6-week-old BALB/c nude mice (Orienbio, Seongnam, Korea). The tumor was allowed to grow till 100–200 mm3 (measured with a Vernier caliper). The tumor volume was calculated using the formula: V(volume) = L(length) × W(width) × H(height)/2. The mice were monitored weekly for tumor growth and GPC3_3 aptaprobe using in vivo imaging system (IVIS) imaging as described below.
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