The EO criterion requires that both the FPR and FNR be equal across groups at one or more thresholds.3 We use an in-processing method for constructing EO models,22 24 which provides a better calibration-EO tradeoff than the post-processing approach.25 We define the training objective by adding a regulariser to the UC model’s objective (online supplemental file A), with the degree of regularisation controlled by λ. The regulariser penalises differences between FPR and FNR at specified decision thresholds (7.5% and 20%), across the four groups.
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