All gene expression data of LIHC (liver hepatocellular carcinoma) were obtained from the TCGA database (portal.gdc.cancer.gov/projects/TCGA-LIHC) and GEO database. Furthermore, LIHC data and corresponding clinical information were downloaded by R package TCGAbiolinks for free as previously described [12, 13]. The data comprised, 424 samples, including 374 LIHC tissues and 50 healthy tissues and RNAseq count data on 19,601 genes, and "Not Available (N/A)" to replace the missing values for further analysis. All genes with low abundance were excluded following the edgeR package recommendation.
Additionally, the R package GEOquery was used to normalize the expression profiles of {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE25097","term_id":"25097"}}GSE25097 from the GEO database (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc={"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE25097","term_id":"25097"}}GSE25097). {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE25097","term_id":"25097"}}GSE25097 consisted of 268 tumor samples and 243 paired normal tissues from patients with LIHC and 6 healthy liver samples. As a result, approximately 2,887 genes were selected for further analysis.
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