Blood samples were collected at preoperatively (T0) and at 0 h (T1), 2 h (T2), 6 h (T3), 12 h (T4), and 24 h (T5) after surgery in EDTA plasma tubes as well as in serum separator tubes for analyses of intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP) and citrulline respectively. Fecal samples were collected at preoperatively, and the relative abundance of L. murinus was quantified by real-time PCR. IFABP and citrulline in the plasma samples were measured at multiple time points, to allow for (T3-T0) concentration differences, respectively by means of a human IFABP ELISA Kit (Bio-Swamp, Wuhan, China) and Citrulline ELISA Kit (USCN, Wuhan, China), following the manufacturer’s instructions. The gastrointestinal complication score of the patient on the seventh day after surgery was performed according to the acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) standard described previously [32]. The detection of L. murinus, IFABP, citrulline, and AGI scores were performed by researchers blinded to the group allocation.
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