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2.2. Investigation of Potential Biomarkers for Immunotherapy

HY Hung-Yuan Yu
CL Chung-Pin Li
YH Yi-Hsiang Huang
SH Shao-Jung Hsu
YW Yen-Po Wang
YH Yun-Cheng Hsieh
WF Wen-Liang Fang
KH Kuo-Hung Huang
AL Anna Fen-Yau Li
RL Rheun-Chuan Lee
KL Kang-Lung Lee
YW Yuan-Hung Wu
IL I-Chun Lai
WY Wan-Chin Yang
YH Yi-Ping Hung
YW Yu-Chao Wang
SC Shu-Hui Chen
MC Ming-Huang Chen
YC Yee Chao
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Informed consent forms were signed, and the previous biopsy or surgical resection samples were sent for further immunohistochemical (IHC) stain, including MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 for mismatch repair protein; Epstein–Barr virus-encoded regions (EBER) in situ hybridization (ISH) was performed using the EBV Probe/Antibody ISH Kit (Leica Biosystems Newcastle Ltd., Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK) in association with Ultra Vision Large Volume Detection System Anti-Polyvalent, HRP (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Fremont, CA, USA), which served as a gold standard to define EBV-associated GC [10]. PD-L1 was evaluated through the pharmDx immunohistochemistry assay (PD-L1 IHC 22C3) combined positive score (CPS).

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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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