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A utility incision of 5 cm length at the 4th intercostal space was chosen by the same group of surgeons, and two additional incisions of 1–2 cm length entering the 7th intercostal space in the posterior and anterior axillary lines at the diaphragm level were located. A 24-Fr chest tube was placed where exiting the anterior lower incision at the level of 7th intercostal space at the end of surgery. The chest tube was removed when no air leakage was observed for 6 h; the thoracic drainage volume for 24 h did not exceed 200 mL.
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