The results are shown as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) or standard error of the mean (SEM). Nonparametric tests were used to compare differences among small samples (n ≤ 10), the Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare differences between two independent samples (control vs. experimental), and the Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s post hoc analysis was used to compare differences among more than two samples. All statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism software (GraphPad, La Jolla, CA, USA).
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