Plant culture and T. laevis inoculation

The winter wheat variety Dongxuan 3 was used in this study. The seeds were obtained from the Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The seeds were washed and soaked for 24 h, and the surface of the seeds was sterilized with 30% NaClO for 1 min and washed three times with ddH₂O for disinfection. The seed surface was covered with a layer of moist gauze and incubated at 5°C for 4 weeks in the dark. When the wheat germ sheath grew to 1–3 cm (at the germination stage (Z09), the seedlings were moved into a pot filled with a mixture of organic matter and soil at a ratio of 1:2% and placed in a plant incubator (LT-36 VLC8, Percival). In the seedling growth stage (Z11), hyphal suspension was injected into the soil in which the seedlings were growing. The soil surrounding each seedling was injected with 2 ml of suspension every 12 h for a total of 10 injections. The mock was injected with ddH₂O under the same growth conditions.