TGA of citric acid and topical starch mixture in powdered form was performed under a nitrogen atmosphere using the instrument TGA Q500 V20.13 Build 39 (TA Instruments, Pittsburgh, PA, USA) between 30 and 600 °C (10 °C min−1) in the Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor.
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