Cellular Uptake of Nanoparticles in vitro

In this study, DiI-NPs/BM2-DiI-NPs (red fluorescence) were chosen as a model to study the endocytosis of LVFX-NPs/BM2-LVFX-NPs by cells under ultrasound irradiation. DiI-NPs (non-targeted nanoparticles) were mixed into macrophages in confocal dishes and then treated with or without ultrasound (0.67 W/cm², 5 min). After co-culturing for another three hours, the confocal dishes were washed three times with PBS to remove excess DiI-NPs. Next, macrophages were analyzed by CLSM and flow cytometry after nuclear staining with DAPI (blue fluorescence). BM2-DiI-NPs (targeted nanoparticles) were co-incubated with BCG for 5 h to ensure successful attachment to the BCG surface and then incubated for another 3 h with or without ultrasonic irradiation. After that, the mixture was washed to remove excess BM2-DiI-NPs and detected by flow cytometry.