PARP Cleavage Assay

PathScan^® Cleaved PARP (Asp214) Sandwich ELISA Kit (Cell Signalling Technology, MA, USA) was used to measure the cleaved PARP levels in the cancer cell lines after treatment with varying concentration of date seed extract. The concentrations of date seed extract and the treatment duration were standardised based on the viability assay results. Briefly, 0.3 × 10⁶ cells were seeded on six-well plates, and the cells were maintained for 12 h in a 5% CO₂ incubator at 37°C before introducing culture medium with date seed extract in the range of concentrations 10–1,000 μg/ml. Following incubation for 48 h, the cells were harvested, and cleaved PARP was measured following the manufacturer's protocol.