Sorafenib (LC laboratories) was dissolved in DMSO. OT (Sigma), GSH (Sigma), and N-acetyl-l-cysteine (Sigma) were dissolved in H2O. For in vitro experiments, Sorafenib, OT, GSH, N-acetyl-l-cysteine, and vehicles were added to cells for proliferation assay, ROS assays, or cell-cycle analysis. For in vivo experiments, nude mice were administered orally with Sorafenib, and intraperitoneally with OT and vehicle (0.9% NaCl) based on the therapeutic regimens shown in Fig. 7.
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