2.4. Wound-Healing Assay

Cell migration was analyzed using a CytoSelect^TM 24-Well Wound Healing Assay Kit (Cell Biolabs, San Diego, CA, USA), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Briefly, A549 cells were seeded at a density of 3.5 × 10⁵ cells per well in 24-well plates containing plastic inserts to generate a wound area. After incubation for 24 h, the inserts were removed and the cultured cells were exposed to 10 Gy IR using a ¹³⁷Cs γ-ray source (Atomic Energy of Canada), before being washed with medium and treated with 5 μm dendrobine. The cells were imaged at 0 and 24 h using an AE31 microscope connected to a Moticam-3+ digital camera (Motic, Hong Kong) at a total magnification of 12.5× (lens, 2.5×; objective, 10×; and camera, 0.5×).