4NQO‐Induced Mice OSCC Model

Twenty female C57BL/6 mice, weighing 16–20 g, 4–6 weeks old, were used to induce oral carcinomas. Protocols for animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, in compliance with the guidelines approved by the National Institute of Health (NIH) in the United States. The mice were housed in the specific pathogen-free (SPF) unit of the animal facility in accordance with institutional guidelines. 4NQO was used to establish the oral carcinomas model. The mice were fed up with 100 μg/ml 4NQO chemistry medicine to induce tongue tumor model. Meanwhile, animals were randomly allocated into different groups and were treated with a single daily intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg nebivolol or 125 mg/kg 6OHDA every two weeks. After 24 weeks, the mice were euthanized, and the mice tongues were gathered to prepare for immunohistochemistry analysis.