Transforming DNA (tDNA) for natural transformation experiments was amplified from the strain R. anatipestifer ATCC 11845 ΔRA0C_1551 using the primers RA0C_1551 upP1 and RA0C_1551 downP2. The tDNA contains the upstream of RA0C_1551, the Erm antibiotic resistance cassette, and the downstream of RA0C_1551. The strain R. anatipestifer ATCC11845ΔRA0C_1551 was constructed by transformation-mediated recombination in our previous study (Liu et al., 2017b). The fragments were purified using the TianGEN Extract II Kit (TIANGEN, Beijing, China). The concentration of the fragments was measured by a NanoDrop 2000 spectrophotometer.
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