2.6. Xenograft Tumor Growth

The cancer xenograft was established as previously described [19]. Briefly, 4-6 weeks of female nude mice were purchased from GemPharmatech (Nanjing, China). All the animal protocols were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. A2780 xenograft was performed as previously reported [20]; briefly, 1 × 10⁷ of A2780 cells expressing control or RBM11 shRNA were subcutaneously implanted into mouse flanks. Tumor growth was monitored, the tumor length (L) and width (W) were measured every five days, and tumor volume (V) was calculated by formula V = (W² × L)/2.