In vivo PET/CT imaging of Intestinal inflammation and glucose uptake in bone

Mice in the intestinal inflammation study were assigned into three groups: WT control, HFD, HFD+IPA, and HFD+Pro mice. All experimental groups of mice underwent overnight (or at least 12 h) fasting before Positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scanning but had free access to water. Following the determination of body weights, mice were anesthetized using vaporized isoflurane (4% for induction; 2.5% for maintenance) and sterile normal saline (0.1 ml) was injected subcutaneously to ensure adequate hydration. All animals received 200 μl of ProSense 680 Fluorescent Imaging Agent (PerkinElmer, cat. No: NEV10001EX) by rectal injection. After 30 min, these mice received 100 μL of MD-Gastroview as a contrast agent rectally via a 3.5F catheter. Subsequently, all animals were CT scanned for 10 min, followed by a PET scan for 20 min using the Inveon small-animal PET/CT imaging system (Siemens, Munich, Germany) in the radiology facility of the University of Louisville.

Similarly, to determine the uptake of glucose in femoral bone, separate groups of mice were administered ¹⁸F-FDG (8.65±2.7 MBq) via intraperitoneal (i.p) injection as previously described ³⁵. At 45 min of post-FDG injection, mice were re-anesthetized and scanned using an Inveon small-animal PET/CT imaging system (Siemens Healthcare Molecular Imaging, USA). Mouse images were recorded, ¹²F-AV and ¹⁸FDG standardized uptake values were analyzed blindly (R.R.S.) using Inveon Research Workplace software version 1.5 (Siemens). The images of mice were generated by OsiriX Imaging software version 3.9.4 (Pixmeo, Bernex, Switzerland).