To determine viability, cells were seeded to opaque white 96-well plates. The next day, cells were drug- or vehicle-treated and incubated as in infection experiments (for example, treated-MRC-5 cells were placed for 48 h at 33°C). ATP levels were then assayed using Celltiterglo2.0 (Promega G9242) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Luciferase signal was read on a Perkin Elmer Envision 2103 multilabel reader, and 24-h 1 µM staurosporine treatment used as a positive control for assay sensitivity.
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