The in vivo evaluation of anti-inflammatory capacity

The anti-inflammatory activity was carried out according to Winter and collaborators method [18]. For this study, 112 rats were used and deprived of food for 16 h before we start the experimentation. Then, they were divided into 22 groups (n = 5). One hour before injecting carrageenan solution, each group received orally with help of gastric tube different treatments. The control group (group 1) was received 1 mL of mineral water. The reference groups were received diclofenac (10, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg bw; groups 3 to 5) and ibuprofen (50, 100, 150 and 300 mg/kg bw; groups 6 to 9), respectively. While the test groups were treated with four doses of each extract (50,100, 150 and 200 mg of acetonic extract /kg bw; 50,100, 200 and 350 mg of aqueous extract /kg bw; and 50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 mg of methanolic extract /kg bw). After 1 hour of the extract administration, each rat received through injection in the right hind paw100 μl of 1% carrageenan solution dissolved in 0.9% NaCl solution to induce inflammation [18, 19]. The evolution of edema of the right hind paw was determined every 30 min up to 360 min following carrageenan injection by using a digital caliper before and after induction of edema [20, 21]. The Anti-inflammatory capacity was firstly evaluated as the percentage of inhibition of rat paw edema (PI%) according to the below formula:

where; V_c: rat paw edema volume of witness group (control group).V_s: rat paw edema volume of treated groups by extracts or standards.

The percentage of anti-inflammatory inhibition was then plotted against different concentrations and the concentration which caused 50% inhibition of rat paw edema was taken as the efficient concentration EC₅₀. The anti-inflammatory activities of standards (ibuprofen and diclofenac) were also determined using the same procedure.