This meta-analysis was performed following the convention of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines and registered in the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews.
We extensively searched PubMed and Cochrane Library for studies published between January 1, 2000 and June 1, 2020. According to the PICO framework (population, intervention, comparison, outcome), specific search queries were formulated using terms: “SP1”, “cancer”, “clinical features” and “prognosis”. The language was limited to English.
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