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Risk of bias

RG Rosalind Gittins
LM Louise Missen
IM Ian Maidment
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Quality scores from the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT)67 will be used to assess the risk of bias as this tool accommodates quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods, so the same tool can be used for all studies. If appropriate, for systematic reviews, the MMAT will be supplemented by A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews version 2.68 They will be applied by the reviewers (RG and LM) independently, and the results will be tabulated to enable easy comparison. Similarly, as with data extraction methodology, discrepancies will be discussed and a third reviewer (IM) will be consulted to resolve any disagreements.

Copyright and License information:  ©2021-06-22 Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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