Host induced gene silencing (HIGS)

C. campestris was parasitized to the transgenic N. tabacum (first host), which expressed amiRNA targeting CcJKD. After successful parasitization, C. campestris formed lateral branches. These lateral branches were allowed to grow for approximately 1 week. Wild type A. thaliana was parasitized by the lateral branches of C. campestris without excising from the first host. C. campestris stems from the interface region occurred at 24 and 36 haa. N. tabacum leaves and C. campestris stems approximately 5 cm from the parasitic interface were harvested to check for miRNA production.