Examination of interactions between a transmembrane protein and a soluble protein by pull-down or immunoprecipitation assays can be tricky and complicated due to the detergent extraction of membrane proteins during the lysate preparation step. The choice and concentration of detergents must be determined empirically and the procedure can be burdensome. Here, we describe a simplified binding assay by expressing the membrane protein of interest in COS-7 cells and applying detergent-free solutions containing an extracellular protein to be tested. The binding is then examined by immunocytochemistry.
A mammalian expression plasmid encoding a membrane protein of interest
A plasmid encoding an extracellular protein fused to the Fc portion of the human IgG [for example, pFUSE series by InvivoGen and pSXFc in Eshed et al. (2005) are options for cloning vectors to make this fusion construct]
Dulbecco's modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), high glucose, no glutamine (Life Technologies, catalog number: 11960-044 )
FetalClone III serum (Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog number: SH30109.03 )
Goat anti-human IgG, Fcγ fragment specific, conjugated with a fluorophore (e.g. Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, catalog number: 109-545-098 for Fluorescein and 109-585-098 for Texas Red)