Nucleic acid extraction

Genomic DNA of PM, Mccp and other mycoplasma strains were extracted from cultures using the DNeasy Blood and Tissue kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA) at the source laboratories mentioned in supplementary information. The CaPV and PPRV isolates and pathological samples received from different sources (S1–S7 Tables) were processed at biosafety level 3 containment facility of the Institute for Veterinary Disease Control, Austria (HSL-AGES, Austria) and FAO/IAEA Animal Production and Health Laboratory (Seibersdorf, Austria). The total nucleic acid (TNA) extraction from tissue and cell culture lysates was performed using the High Pure PCR Template Preparation Kit (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) and RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) as per the manufacturers’ protocol with some modifications. The homogenized tissue supernatants or cell culture supernatants were prepared by adding Qiagen RLT plus lysis buffer (200 μL sample + 800 μL RLT plus buffer). The lysis buffer in the protocol was replaced by RLT plus buffer and on column DNAse digestion was avoided. The extracted TNA samples were stored at -70°C until further use.