2.12. Gene expression of antioxidant-associated genes

The transcript levels of three antioxidant-associated genes, including peroxisomal catalase (PvCAT1; GenBank accession number: {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"KF033307.1","term_id":"543176547"}}KF033307.1), copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (PvCuZnSOD1; GenBank accession number: {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"KF569535.1","term_id":"558695577"}}KF569535.1), and glutathione reductase (PvGR; GenBank accession number: {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"KY195009.1","term_id":"1148295099"}}KY195009.1) were assessed from common bean leaves at 72 hpt after last treatment using real-time RT-PCR. Briefly, RNA was extracted using a Simply P Total RNA Extraction Kit (catalog number BSC52S1), according to the manufacturer’s procedure. Then, cDNA was synthesized using a TOP script™ cDNA Synthesis Kit as described in the manufacturer’s protocol. The primer sequences for the three genes mentioned above are previously described by ElSayed et al (ElSayed et al., 2021). Actin was used as a housekeeping gene (El-Nagar et al., 2022), and the 2^−ΔΔCT method was used for the calculation of relative gene expression (Livak and Schmittgen, 2001).