Questionnaire Administration and Educational Intervention

A brief introduction explained the study’s objective. There was no ‎monetary compensation for taking part in this study. All physicians were required to fill out a pre-test questionnaire before the session, and they were given 10–15 minutes to complete it. ‎This collected baseline data. After ‎everyone had completed the pre-test questionnaire, the session began. The educational session ‎lasted 60 minutes, and at the end, participants were given the opportunity for discussion and to ‎ask questions. Physicians were asked to complete a post-intervention questionnaire at the end of ‎the session.‎

The main investigator developed the presentation material using the American Heart Association /American College of Cardiology (ACC/AHA) dyslipidemia guideline recommendations. The presentation content was checked and validated by experts from Universiti Sains Malaysia (professor in clinical pharmacy) and the university of science and technology (cardiologist, head of clinical pharmacy department, and lecturer of clinical pharmacy). The lecture covered a variety of essential topics needed for appropriate utilization of statin therapy for eligible patients, including ASCVD risk assessment and enhancers, the available risk calculators, the differences between them, and how to access and use them freely, the 2018 AHA/ACC guideline recommendations, statin therapy clinical indications, how to choose the right dose intensity based on the patients CVD risk, the best agent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, time to administer, contraindications, drug-drug interactions, and monitoring parameters for safe and effective use of statin medications. Moreover, physician-patient discussions regarding the risks and ‎statin therapy were emphasized. The participants were encouraged to participate in the lecture actively. Following the educational session, ‎participants were given the opportunity to ask questions.‎

The educational workshop on statin therapy lasted one hour. The lecture was given by ‎a lecturer of the clinical pharmacy department at the University of Science and Technology and was supervised by the head of the clinical pharmacy department at the hospital. The primary goal of this educational intervention was to increase physicians’ ‎awareness of up-to-date guidelines and recommendations regarding statin therapy and ASCVD risk assessment.