PACIC-M questionnaire

The Malay version of the PACIC questionnaire (PACIC-M) was used in this study to measure patients’ experience on chronic disease conventional care that they received [15]. It is valid and reliable with Cronbach’s α of 0.94 and the intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.93 [15]. This questionnaire consists of 19 items, framed within three components: a) goal setting/tailoring and problem solving/contextual; b) follow-up/coordination and c) patient activation and delivery system design/decision support [15]. Participants were required to response to at least the last 9 items of PACIC-M (item 11–19) which represent the problem solving/contextual and follow-up/coordination scales in order to be included in the analysis [11]. Each item is scored by 5-point Likert Scales from 1 (almost never) to 5 (almost always) [15]. The mean score of items from each component and the overall score across all 19 items were measured in this study [15]. A higher PACIC-M mean score represents better patient’s experience in receiving chronic disease care that aligns with the CCM [11]. Table 1 shows the 3 components of PACIC-M and the corresponding items for each component.

Components of Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care-Malay version (PACIC-M) and items for each component