Risk of bias assessment

AD Amin Doosti-Irani
HM Hossein Moameri
HA Hasan Ahmadi-Gharaei
KH Kourosh Holakouie-Naieni
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The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), which has been adapted for cross-sectional studies, was used for assessment of bias risk of the included studies. The NOS has three 3 domains, which are as follow: selection, comparability, and outcome. Because we aimed at assessing the prevalence of depression, we used selection and outcome domains with the following items: (1) representativeness of the sample; (2) determining the sample size; (3) reporting the non-respondents; (4) assessing the outcome, and (5) statistical tests (23, 24).

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