Mammalia

[Abstract] Exosomes secreted by colonic epithelial cells are present in feces and contain valuable epigenetic information, such as miRNAs, proteins, and metabolites. An in-depth study of this information is conducive to the diagnosis or treatment of relevant diseases. A crucial prerequisite of such a study is to establish an efficient isolation method, ...

[Abstract] Here we describe a method to test bacterial adhesion to paraffin embedded tissue sections. This method allows examining binding of different bacterial strains, transfected with a fluorescent protein reporter plasmid to various tissues, to better understand different mechanisms such as colonization. This assay provides a more physiological context ...

[Abstract] Specialized secretory cells known as goblet cells in the intestine and respiratory epithelium are responsible for the secretion of mucins. Mucins are large heavily glycosylated proteins and typically have a molecular mass higher than 10⁶ Da. These large proteins are densely substituted with short glycan chains, which have many important ...

[Abstract] The contribution of microbiota in regulating multiple physiological and pathological host responses has been studied intensively in recent years. Evidence suggests that commensal microbiota can directly modulate different populations of cells of the immune system (e.g., Ivanov et al., 2008; Atarashi et al., 2011). ...

[Abstract] The method described here is intended to study intracellular localization of proteins in colon cells. This protocol was used to localize IRE1β in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. We used anti-IRE1β antibody raised in guinea pig for this purpose. We also studied the location of BiP (also known as GRP78), with the antibody raised in rabbit. Both ...