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Low-viscosity Matrix Suspension Culture for Human Colorectal Epithelial Organoids and Tumoroids

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A Retro-orbital Sinus Injection Mouse Model to Study Early Events and Reorganization of the Astrocytic Network during Pneumococcal Meningitis

Authors: Chakir Bello, Martine Cohen-Salmon and Guy Tran Van Nhieu, date: 12/05/2021, view: 761, Q&A: 0

[Abstract]

Pneumococcal (PN) meningitis is a life-threatening disease with high mortality rates that leads to permanent neurological sequelae. Studies of the process of bacterial crossing of the blood brain barrier (BBB) are hampered by the lack of relevant in vitro and in vivo models of meningitis that recapitulate the human disease. PN meningitis involves

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A Triple-challenge Mouse Model of Allergic Airway Disease, Primary Influenza Infection, and Secondary Bacterial Infection

Authors: Sean Roberts, Clare M Williams, Sreeja Roy and Yoichi Furuya, date: 04/20/2020, view: 2452, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Asthma is a global problem that affects millions of individuals. An increased risk of respiratory viral and bacterial infections is one of the complications of asthma. We recently reported that mice with ovalbumin-induced allergic airway disease (AAD) are protected against influenza-Streptococcus pneumoniae co-infection. Here, we describe ...

Assessing Membrane Fluidity and Visualizing Fluid Membrane Domains in Bacteria Using Fluorescent Membrane Dyes

Authors: Michaela Wenzel, Norbert O. E. Vischer, Henrik Strahl and Leendert W. Hamoen, date: 10/20/2018, view: 8883, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Membrane fluidity is a key parameter of bacterial membranes that undergoes quick adaptation in response to environmental challenges and has recently emerged as an important factor in the antibacterial mechanism of membrane-targeting antibiotics. The specific level of membrane fluidity is not uniform across the bacterial cell membrane. Rather, ...

Observation of Pneumococcal Phase Variation in Colony Morphology

Authors: Jing Li, Juanjuan Wang, Fangfang Jiao and Jing-Ren Zhang, date: 08/05/2017, view: 8189, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is an important human pathogen that causes pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis, and otitis media. This bacterium normally resides in the nasopharynx as a commensal, but sometimes disseminates to sterile sites of humans and causes local or systemic inflammation. This biphasic behavior of S. pneumoniae ...

Preparation of Purified Gram-positive Bacterial Cell Wall and Detection in Placenta and Fetal Tissues

Authors: Beth Mann, Lip Nam Loh, Geli Gao and Elaine Tuomanen, date: 12/05/2016, view: 8755, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Cell wall is a complex biopolymer on the surface of all Gram-positive bacteria. During infection, cell wall is recognized by the innate immune receptor Toll-like receptor 2 causing intense inflammation and tissue damage. In animal models, cell wall traffics from the blood stream to many organs in the body, including brain, heart, placenta and ...

Preparation of Pneumococcal Proteins for Western Blot Analysis

Authors: Maria João Frias, José Melo-Cristino and Mário Ramirez, date: 07/05/2013, view: 8348, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] This protocol was developed in a study aimed to determine the cellular localization of the lysin of pneumococcal phage SV1 (Frias et al., 2013). We obtained proteins from the surface of Streptococcus pneumoniae by elution with choline or those secreted to the medium. The analysis by Western blot of these fractions allowed us to ...

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