The surface morphology and thickness of membranes were analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) under a SU8010 microscope (Hitachi High-Technologies, Japan). Humidity-dependent surface morphology of the CM was analyzed using ESEM (XL-30 FEG, FEI, USA). The hydrophilicity of the samples was investigated by measuring the contact angle using a model DSA100 analyzer (KRUSS GmbH, Germany). The electrical properties were characterized using a B2901A source measurement unit (Keysight Technologies, USA).
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