Mice
Homology searches and modeling
Semiquantitative RT-PCR
Cloning and electroporation
Nuclear surface spreading
Immunofluorescent staining and imaging
Western blot analysis
Cell lines and immunoprecipitation
Statistics
PBS-buffered, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples were sectioned (5 μm thick) for H&E staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). To gain better histology of testis seminiferous tubules, testes were fixed in Bouin’s solution and subjected to H&E staining. For IHC, sections were deparaffinized and rehydrated. Primary antibodies were applied at suitable dilutions (table S3) at room temperature for 1 hour and then incubated with biotinylated secondary antibodies for 30 min. Sections were then stained using Vectastain ABC (anti-biotin complex) and DAB (3, 3-diaminobenzidine) peroxidase substrate kits (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA). Antibodies used in this study are listed in table S3.