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Chromosome Observation at Microspore Meiosis Stage Using Squash Technique in Rice   

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实验原理:固定过的水稻减数分裂时期的花粉母细胞的细胞核易于从细胞中分离出来,用DNA荧光染料DAPI染色后,可以观察到不同减数分裂时期染色体的行为变化。
实验目的:观察水稻花粉母细胞各减数分裂时期的染色体形态。

关键词: 水稻, 减数分裂, 小孢子母细胞, 染色体

材料与试剂

  1. 载玻片
  2. 盖玻片
  3. 液氮
  4. 乙醇
  5. 乙酸
  6. 洋红染料
  7. Acetic acid
  8. FeCl3
  9. 含DAPI的封片剂,Vectashield (Vector Labs, catalog number: H-1200)
  10. 卡诺固定液 (见溶液配方)
  11. 醋酸洋红溶液 (见溶液配方)

仪器设备

  1. 解剖针
  2. 手术刀
  3. 染缸(体积约40 ml)
  4. 荧光显微镜 (Leica DM4000B with CCD camera Leica DFC480)

实验步骤

  1. 田间采集时期适当的幼穗,用卡诺固定液固定3小时。
  2. 在处理过的载玻片上(注)滴一滴固定液,取10朵处于减数分裂时期的小花,用解剖针在载玻片上捣碎后去掉大的组织碎片,加一滴醋酸洋红染色。
  3. 将载玻片在酒精灯上烘烤瞬间(玻片不可烘干),再加一滴醋酸洋红后,盖上盖玻片。
  4. 压片,去除多余液体,注意不要使载玻片和盖玻片水平移动。
  5. 液氮浸泡载玻片5 min,用手术刀揭去盖玻片。
  6. 依次经70%、90%、100%酒精梯度脱水,每次5 min。
  7. 取出载玻片,晾干,在载玻片上加20 μl含DAPI的封片剂,盖上盖玻片。
  8. 荧光显微镜下观察(340 nm激发,480 nm发射,如图1)。


    图1. 野生型水稻小孢子母细胞减数分裂不同时期染色体形态。A. Leptotene; B. Zygotene; C. Pachytene; D. Early Diakinesis;
    E. Late Diakinesis; F. Metaphase I; G. Anaphase I; H. Telophase II. Scale bars = 5 μm.

注意事项

  1. 将盖玻片和载玻片在肥皂水中沸浴5-10 min。清水冲洗后,让水滴流干。
  2. 在2%的盐酸酒精 (95%酒精100份加入浓盐酸2份) 中浸泡3-5小时,再用流水冲洗,让水滴流干,浸入95%酒精中,捞片擦干。

溶液配方

  1. 卡诺固定液
    乙醇:乙酸=3:1,体积比
  2. 醋酸洋红溶液
    0.5 g洋红染料溶解到100 ml煮沸的45% acetic acid中,再加几滴FeCl3至深红色
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Copyright: © 2018 The Authors; exclusive licensee Bio-protocol LLC.
引用格式:李兴旺, 龚蓉, 吴昌银. (2018). 小孢子减数分裂时期染色体压片观察. Bio-101: e1010141. DOI: 10.21769/BioProtoc.1010141.
How to cite: Li, X. W., Gong, R. and Wu, C. Y. (2018). Chromosome Observation at Microspore Meiosis Stage Using Squash Technique in Rice. Bio-101: e1010141. DOI: 10.21769/BioProtoc.1010141.
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If you have any questions/comments about this protocol, you are highly recommended to post here. We will invite the authors of this protocol as well as some of its users to address your questions/comments. To make it easier for them to help you, you are encouraged to post your data including images for the troubleshooting.

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