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Mechanical Fractionation of Cultured Neuronal Cells into Cell Body and Neurite Fractions

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Assessing Swarming of Aerobic Bacteria from Human Fecal Matter

Authors: Arjun S. Byju, Deeti Patel, Weijie Chen and Sridhar Mani, date: 05/05/2021, view: 345, Q&A: 0

[Abstract]

Swarming – swift movement across a surface via flagella propulsion – is a unique property of many bacteria. The role of swarming, particularly among bacterial populations of the human gut microbiome, is not yet fully understood; although, it is becoming an area of increased scientific and clinical inquiry. To further characterize

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Assessing Different Ways of Bacillus subtilis Spreading over Abiotic Surfaces

Authors: Marco Bartolini and Roberto Grau, date: 11/20/2019, view: 2564, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Surface-associate motility on biotic and abiotic environments is a key mechanism used by the model bacterium Bacillus subtilis and its closest relatives (i.e., B. amyloliquefaciens, B. thuringiensis, B. cereus, B. pumilus) for surface colonization and spreading across surfaces. The study of ...

Single-cell Motility Analysis of Tethered Human Spermatozoa

Authors: William M. Skinner, Nadja Mannowetz, Polina V. Lishko and Nadia R. Roan, date: 03/05/2019, view: 4399, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Vigorous sperm flagellar motility is essential for fertilization, and so the quantitative measurement of motility is a useful tool to assess the intrinsic fertility potential of sperm cells and explore how various factors can alter sperm’s ability to reach the egg and penetrate its protective layers. Human sperm beat their flagella many times each ...

Quantification of Bacterial Twitching Motility in Dense Colonies Using Transmitted Light Microscopy and Computational Image Analysis

Authors: Benjamin Smith, Jianfang Li, Matteo Metruccio, Stephanie Wan, David Evans and Suzanne Fleiszig, date: 04/20/2018, view: 4773, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] A method was developed to allow the quantification and mapping of relative bacterial twitching motility in dense samples, where tracking of individual bacteria was not feasible. In this approach, movies of bacterial films were acquired using differential interference contrast microscopy (DIC), and bacterial motility was then indirectly quantified ...

Bacterial Aggregation Assay in the Presence of Cyclic Lipopeptides

Authors: Pengyuan Xiu, Rui Liu, Dechao Zhang and Chaomin Sun, date: 01/05/2018, view: 5975, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Lipopeptides is an important class of biosurfactants having antimicrobial and anti-adhesive activity against pathogenic bacteria. These include surfactin, fengycin, iturin, bacillomycin, mycosubtilin, lichenysin, and pumilacidin (Arima et al., 1968; Naruse et al., 1990; Yakimov et al., 1995; Steller and Vater, 2000; ...

Transmission Electron Microscopy of Centrioles, Basal Bodies and Flagella in Motile Male Gametes of Land Plants

Authors: Karen Sue Renzaglia, Renee A. Lopez, Jason S. Henry, Nicholas D. Flowers and Kevin C. Vaughn, date: 10/05/2017, view: 6372, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Motile male gametes (spermatozoids) of land plants are coiled and contain a modified and precisely organized complement of organelles that includes a locomotory apparatus with two to thousands of flagella. Each flagellum is generated from a basal body that originates de novo as a centriole in spermatogenous cell lineages. Much of what is ...

Plasmodium Sporozoite Motility on Flat Substrates

Authors: Henriette L Prinz, Julia M Sattler and Friedrich Frischknecht, date: 07/20/2017, view: 6766, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Plasmodium sporozoites are the infectious, highly motile forms of the malaria parasite transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes. Sporozoite motility can be assessed following the dissection of Anopheles salivary glands and isolation of sporozoites in vitro.

ARP2/3 Phosphorylation Assay in the Presence of Recombinant Bacterial Effectors

Authors: Céline Michard, Lawrence L. LeClaire and Patricia Doublet, date: 04/05/2017, view: 6326, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The Actin-Related Protein 2/3 (ARP2/3) complex is an actin nucleator that generates a branched actin network in mammalian cells. In addition to binding nucleation promoting factors, LeClaire et al. demonstrated that its phosphorylation state is essential key for its activity (LeClaire et al., 2008). In cells, the ARP2/3 complex ...

Force Measurement on Mycoplasma mobile Gliding Using Optical Tweezers

Authors: Masaki Mizutani and Makoto Miyata, date: 02/05/2017, view: 5943, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Dozens of Mycoplasma species, belonging to class Mollicutes form a protrusion at a pole as an organelle. They bind to solid surfaces through the organelle and glide in the direction by a unique mechanism including repeated cycles of bind, pull, and release with sialylated oligosaccharides on host animal cells. The mechanical ...

Measurements of Free-swimming Speed of Motile Salmonella Cells in Liquid Media

Authors: Yusuke V. Morimoto, Keiichi Namba and Tohru Minamino, date: 01/05/2017, view: 6764, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica swim in liquid media using the bacterial flagella. The flagellum consists of the basal body (rotary motor), the hook (universal joint) and the filament (helical screw). Since mutants with a defect in flagellar assembly and function cannot swim smoothly, motility assay is ...

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