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Non-separate Mouse Sclerochoroid/RPE/Retina Staining and Whole Mount for the Integral Observation of Subretinal Layer

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Automated Analysis of Cell Surface Ruffling: Ruffle Quantification Macro

Authors: Nicholas D. Condon, Jennifer L. Stow and Adam A. Wall, date: 01/20/2020, view: 1687, Q&A: 1

[Abstract] Cell surface protrusions include F-actin rich, wave-like ruffles that are erected transiently in response to stimuli and during cell migration. Macrophages are innate immune cells that ruffle constitutively and more dramatically in cells activated by pathogens. Dorsal ruffles and their resulting macropinosomes are key sites for environmental ...

High Throughput Traction Force Microscopy for Multicellular Islands on Combinatorial Microarrays

Authors: Ian C. Berg and Gregory H. Underhill, date: 11/05/2019, view: 2539, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The composition and mechanical properties of the cellular microenvironment along with the resulting distribution of cellular devolved forces can affect cellular function and behavior. Traction Force Microscopy (TFM) provides a method to measure the forces applied to a surface by adherent cells. Numerous TFM systems have been described in ...

Cell Wall Compositional Analysis of Rice Culms

Authors: Lanjun Zhang, Baocai Zhang and Yihua Zhou, date: 10/20/2019, view: 1582, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The plant cell wall is a complicated network that is mainly constituted of polysaccharides, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. Many noncellulosic polysaccharides are further acetylated, which confers these polymers flexible physicochemical properties. Due to the significance of cell wall in plant growth and development, the analytic ...

Non-invasive Quantification of Cell Wall Porosity by Fluorescence Quenching Microscopy

Authors: Xiaohui Liu, Thomas Günther Pomorski and Johannes Liesche, date: 08/20/2019, view: 2289, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] All bacteria, fungi and plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall. This complex network of polysaccharides and glycoproteins provides mechanical support, defines cell shape, controls cell growth and influences the exchange of substances between the cell and its surroundings. Despite its name, the cell wall is a flexible, dynamic structure. ...

An Image Analysis Pipeline to Quantify Emerging Cracks in Materials or Adhesion Defects in Living Tissues

Authors: Stéphane Verger, Guillaume Cerutti and Olivier Hamant, date: 10/05/2018, view: 3422, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Microcracks in materials reflect their mechanical properties. The quantification of the number or orientation of such cracks is thus essential in many fields, including engineering and geology. In biology, cracks in soft tissues can reflect adhesion defects, and the analysis of their pattern can help to deduce the magnitude and orientation of ...

Sleeping Beauty Transposon-based System for Rapid Generation of HBV-replicating Stable Cell Lines

Authors: Jin-Wei Zheng, Jia-Li Cao and Quan Yuan , date: 07/05/2018, view: 4940, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The stable HBV-transfected cell lines, which based on stable integration of replication-competent HBV genome into hepatic cells, are widely used in basic research and antiviral drug evaluation against HBV. However, previous reported strategies to generate HBV-replicating cell lines, which primarily rely on random integration of exogenous DNA by ...

Transmission Electron Microscopy for Analysis of Mitochondria in Mouse Skeletal Muscle

Authors: Joseph D. McMillan and Michael A. Eisenback, date: 05/20/2018, view: 11170, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue in the human body and regulates a variety of functions including locomotion and whole-body metabolism. Skeletal muscle has a plethora of mitochondria, the organelles that are essential for aerobic generation of ATP which provides the chemical energy to fuel vital functions such as contraction. The number ...

A Method for Extracting the Nuclear Scaffold from the Chromatin Network

Authors: Junjie Chen, Boon Heng Dennis Teo and Jinhua Lu, date: 04/20/2018, view: 4619, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Each cell contains many large DNA polymers packed in a nucleus of approx. 10 μm in diameter. With histones, these DNA polymers are known to form chromatins. How chromatins further compact in the nucleus is unclear but it inevitably depends on an extensive non-chromatin nuclear scaffold. Imaging of endogenous chromatin network and the complementary ...

Freeze-fracture-etching Electron Microscopy for Facile Analysis of Yeast Ultrastructure

Authors: Takuma Tsuji and Toyoshi Fujimoto, date: 09/20/2017, view: 8846, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] We describe a streamlined method that enables the quick observation of yeast ultrastructure by electron microscopy (EM). Yeast cells are high-pressure frozen, freeze-fractured to cut across the cytoplasm, and freeze-etched to sublimate ice in the cytosol and the organelle lumen. The cellular structures delineated by these procedures are coated by ...

Estimation of Stomatal Aperture in Arabidopsis thaliana Using Silicone Rubber Imprints

Authors: Telma E. Scarpeci, María I. Zanor and Estela M. Valle, date: 06/20/2017, view: 7997, Q&A: 2

[Abstract] Estimation of stomatal aperture using low viscosity silicone-base impression material has the advantage of working with the whole leaf. The developmental stage and the environment strongly affect the stomatal aperture. Therefore, it is mandatory to have accurate estimations of the stomatal aperture of intact leaves under different situations. With ...

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