Neuroanatomy and circuitry —Neuroscience

In vivo Use of Dextran-based Anterograde Cortical Tracers to Assess the Integrity of the Cortical Spinal Tract

Authors: Anna M. Wiersma and Ian R. Winship, date: 05/20/2018, view: 308, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] When injected into the motor cortex of rats, anterograde tracers label fibers of the associated descending corticospinal tract (CST) that originate from pyramidal neurons in the tracer-injected cortex. These fibers can be assessed at the level of the spinal cord to determine the integrity of the descending CST and the spatial distribution of axons ...

Dual-sided Voltage-sensitive Dye Imaging of Leech Ganglia

Authors: Yusuke Tomina and Daniel A. Wagenaar, date: 03/05/2018, view: 552, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] In this protocol, we introduce an effective method for voltage-sensitive dye (VSD) loading and imaging of leech ganglia as used in Tomina and Wagenaar (2017). Dissection and dye loading procedures are the most critical steps toward successful whole-ganglion VSD imaging. The former entails the removal of the sheath that covers neurons in the ...

Registration and Alignment Between in vivo Functional and Cytoarchitectonic Maps of Mouse Visual Cortex

Authors: Jun Zhuang, Quanxin Wang, Marc Takeno and Jack Waters, date: 02/20/2018, view: 483, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] This protocol describes a method for registration of in vivo cortical retinotopic map with cytochrome c oxidase (CO) labeled architectonic maps of the same mouse brain through the alignment of vascular fiducials. By recording surface blood vessel pattern and sequential alignment at each step, this method overcomes the challenge imposed by ...

Determination of DNA Damage in the Retina Photoreceptors of Drosophila

Authors: Damulewicz Milena and Pyza Elzbieta, date: 02/05/2018, view: 596, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The retina is sensitive for light damages, because of direct light exposure, especially intense blue and UV light, which increase level of ROS and other toxic phototransduction products in photoreceptor cells. In our previous work (Damulewicz et al., 2017a and 2017b), we used 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as a marker for oxidative stress ...

A Novel Protocol to Quantitatively Measure the Endocytic Trafficking of Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) in Polarized Primary Neurons with Sub-cellular Resolution

Authors: Florent Ubelmann, Tatiana Burrinha and Cláudia Guimas Almeida, date: 12/05/2017, view: 1101, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Alzheimer’s disease’s established primary trigger is β-amyloid (Aβ) (Mucke and Selkoe, 2012). The amyloid precursor protein (APP) endocytosis is required for Aβ generation at early endosomes (Rajendran and Annaert, 2012). APP retention at endosomes depends on its sorting for degradation in lysosomes (Haass et al., 1992; Morel et al. ...

zPACT: Tissue Clearing and Immunohistochemistry on Juvenile Zebrafish Brain

Authors: Pierre Affaticati, Matthieu Simion, Elodie De Job, Laurie Rivière, Jean-Michel Hermel, Elodie Machado, Jean-Stéphane Joly and Arnim Jenett, date: 12/05/2017, view: 1367, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] In studies of brain function, it is essential to understand the underlying neuro-architecture. Very young zebrafish larvae are widely used for neuroarchitecture studies, due to their size and natural transparency. However, this model system has several limitations, due to the immaturity, high rates of development and limited behavioral repertoire ...

A Streamlined Method for the Preparation of Gelatin Embedded Brains and Simplified Organization of Sections for Serial Reconstructions

Authors: Andrew W. Liu, Sho Aoki and Jeffery R. Wickens, date: 11/20/2017, view: 1502, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Gelatin embedding of whole brains for sectioning is a critical procedure used in neuroscience to ensure all morphological and spatial details are preserved intact. Here, we describe an inexpensive, reproducible and efficient means to embed post-fixed brains ready for sectioning in gelatin within a week’s time. The sections obtained are ...

Labeling Aversive Memory Trace in Mouse Using a Doxycycline-inducible Expression System

Authors: Jianyang Du and Erin E. Koffman, date: 10/20/2017, view: 1662, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] A memory trace, also known as a memory engram, is theorized to be a mechanism for physical memory storage in the brain (Silva et al., 2009; Josselyn, 2010) and memory trace is associated with a specific population of neurons (Liu et al., 2012; Ramirez et al., 2013). Labeling and stimulating those neurons will activate ...

Bioluminescence Monitoring of Neuronal Activity in Freely Moving Zebrafish Larvae

Authors: Steven Knafo, Andrew Prendergast, Olivier Thouvenin, Sophie Nunes Figueiredo and Claire Wyart, date: 09/20/2017, view: 1713, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The proof of concept for bioluminescence monitoring of neural activity in zebrafish with the genetically encoded calcium indicator GFP-aequorin has been previously described (Naumann et al., 2010) but challenges remain. First, bioluminescence signals originating from a single muscle fiber can constitute a major pitfall. Second, ...

An ex vivo Perifusion Method for Quantitative Determination of Neuropeptide Release from Mouse Hypothalamic Explants

Authors: Ophélia Le Thuc, Jacques Noël and Carole Rovère, date: 08/20/2017, view: 1682, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] The hypothalamus is a primary brain area which, in mammals, regulates several physiological functions that are all related to maintaining general homeostasis, by linking the central nervous system (CNS) and the periphery. The hypothalamus itself can be considered an endocrine brain region of some sort as it hosts in its different nuclei several ...

Neuroscience

Quantification of the Composition Dynamics of a Maize Root-associated Simplified Bacterial Community and Evaluation of Its Biological Control Effect

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