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Visualization of Actin Organization and Quantification in Fixed Arabidopsis Pollen Grains and Tubes

Authors: Xiaolu Qu, Qiannan Wang, Haiyan Wang and Shanjin Huang, date: 01/05/2020, view: 138, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Although it is widely accepted that actin plays an important role in regulating pollen germination and pollen tube growth, how actin exactly performs functions remains incompletely understood. As the function of actin is dictated by its spatial organization, it is the key to reveal how exactly actin distributes in space in pollen cells. Here we ...

Analysis of Monosaccharides from Arabidopsis Seed Mucilage and Whole Seeds Using HPAEC-PAD

Authors: Gillian H. Dean, Kresimir Sola, Faride Unda, Shawn D. Mansfield and George W. Haughn, date: 12/20/2019, view: 390, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Arabidopsis seed coat epidermal cells deposit a significant quantity of mucilage, composed of the cell wall components pectin, hemicellulose, and cellulose, into the apoplast during development. When mature seeds are hydrated, mucilage extrudes to form a gelatinous capsule around the seed. Determining the monosaccharide composition of ...

Non-invasive Quantification of Cell Wall Porosity by Fluorescence Quenching Microscopy

Authors: Xiaohui Liu, Thomas Günther Pomorski and Johannes Liesche, date: 08/20/2019, view: 669, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] All bacteria, fungi and plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall. This complex network of polysaccharides and glycoproteins provides mechanical support, defines cell shape, controls cell growth and influences the exchange of substances between the cell and its surroundings. Despite its name, the cell wall is a flexible, dynamic structure. ...

Visualization of Plant Cell Wall Epitopes Using Immunogold Labeling for Electron Microscopy

Author: Mateusz Majda, date: 04/05/2019, view: 1659, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Plant cell walls consist of different polysaccharides and structural proteins, which form a rigid layer located outside of the plasma membrane. The wall is also a very dynamic cell composite, which is characterized by complex polysaccharide interactions and various modifications during cell development. The visualization of cell wall components in ...

Quantitative Plasmodesmata Permeability Assay for Pavement Cells of Arabidopsis Leaves

Authors: Min Diao, Qiannan Wang and Shanjin Huang, date: 04/05/2019, view: 1830, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Plasmodesmata (PD) are intercellular channels between walled plant cells that enable the transportation of materials between adjacent cells, which are important for plant growth and development. The permeability of PD must be tightly regulated. Assays to determine the permeability of PD are crucial for related studies on the regulation of PD ...

Visualization and Quantification of Cell-to-cell Movement of Proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana

Authors: Mila C Blekemolen, Mariliis Tark-Dame and Frank L.W Takken, date: 12/20/2018, view: 2358, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Cell-to-cell movement of proteins through plasmodesmata is a widely-established mechanism for intercellular signaling in plants. Current techniques to study intercellular protein translocation rely on single-cell transformation using particle bombardment or transgenic lines expressing photo-inducible fluorophores. The method presented here allows ...

Using Arabidopsis Mesophyll Protoplasts to Study Unfolded Protein Response Signaling

Authors: Yan Bao and Diane C. Bassham, date: 12/05/2018, view: 2270, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Various environmental stresses or artificial reagents can trigger unfolded protein accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) due to the folding capacity of the ER being exceeded. This is termed ER stress, and triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR). Assays for activation of the UPR in plants include Tunicamycin (Tm)- or dithiothreitol ...

An Image Analysis Pipeline to Quantify Emerging Cracks in Materials or Adhesion Defects in Living Tissues

Authors: Stéphane Verger, Guillaume Cerutti and Olivier Hamant, date: 10/05/2018, view: 2212, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Microcracks in materials reflect their mechanical properties. The quantification of the number or orientation of such cracks is thus essential in many fields, including engineering and geology. In biology, cracks in soft tissues can reflect adhesion defects, and the analysis of their pattern can help to deduce the magnitude and orientation of ...

Artificial Inoculation of Epichloë festucae into Lolium perenne, and Visualisation of Endophytic and Epiphyllous Fungal Growth

Authors: Yvonne Becker, Kimberly A. Green, Barry Scott and Matthias Becker, date: 09/05/2018, view: 2931, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Natural hosts for the fungal endophyte Epichloë festucae include Festuca rubra (fine fescue) and Festuca trachyphylla (hard fescue). Some strains also form stable associations with Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass). L. perenne is a suitable host to study fungal endophyte–grass interactions, such as endophytic ...

Increasing the Membrane Permeability of a Fern with DMSO

Author: Marcelo Garcés, date: 06/20/2018, view: 2071, Q&A: 0

[Abstract] Cell membrane prevents the entrance of extra molecules (e.g., transcription and translation inhibitors) into the cell. For studying the physiological effects of transcription and translation inhibitors on Hymenophyllum caudiculatum fronds, we incubate fronds with 0.1% DMSO to test if this increases cell membrane permeability ...

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